Paraguay
PY · PRY
Al: 27/06/2026
Binnenstaat mit Fluss-Logistik / Agrarexporteur
Capitale: Asunción
MercosurSenza sboccoBinnenschiff (Fluss)StrasseLuftIVA import: Einfuhr-IVA 10 Prozent NormalsatzDogana: mittelRischio: mittelPharma: mittel bis hochMerci pericolose: mittelE-Commerce: tief bis mittel
Panoramica
Paraguay (ISO code: PY) is a landlocked country in the heart of South America, bordering Argentina, Brazil and Bolivia. It is a presidential republic and a founding member of Mercosur. The climate is subtropical to tropical, with a pronounced rainy season and mild winters. The economy is shaped by agriculture - soy, maize, beef and cereals - and by hydropower from the Itaipu and Yacyreta dams, which makes Paraguay one of the world's largest electricity exporters. Although it has no sea coast, Paraguay operates the third-largest river barge fleet in the world; around 80 percent of its foreign trade moves along the Paraguay-Parana waterway (Hidrovia) to the ports of the Rio de la Plata. Customs and tax administration were merged into the DNIT in 2024; imports are cleared via the SOFIA system, with import VAT of 10 percent. The Mercosur common external tariff applies, and the national currency is the Guarani (PYG).
Paesi menzionati
Termini nel glossario
Superficie406.752 km²
Popolazione6.417.076
ValutaGuarani paraguaiano (PYG)
Area economicaMercosur
ContinenteSüdamerika
ReligioniKatholisch, Protestantisch, Andere
Codice ISOPY / PRY
Dogana & Import/Export
Sistema import
Elektronische Einfuhrabfertigung über das System SOFIA der DNIT (Gerencia General de Aduanas, vormals DNA). Anmeldung durch lizenzierte Zollagenten; Ventanilla Única del Importador (VUI) für Zusatzbewilligungen.
Sistema export
Ausfuhrabfertigung ebenfalls über SOFIA der DNIT. Exporte laufen überwiegend per Binnenschiff über die Hidrovía Paraguay-Paraná zu den Häfen am Río de la Plata; Anmeldung durch lizenzierte Zollagenten.
IVA all'import
- Einfuhr-IVA 10 Prozent Normalsatz
- ermässigt 5 Prozent auf Grundnahrungsmittel und Humanmedikamente (Ley 6380/2019). Erhebung bei der Einfuhr durch die DNIT.
Complessità doganalemittel
Documenti import
- Handelsrechnung (Factura comercial)
- Packliste
- Frachtbrief / Konnossement (B/L, CRT, AWB)
- Einfuhranmeldung (Despacho de importación, SOFIA)
- Ursprungszeugnis bei Präferenz
- Sanitäts-/Phytosanitärzertifikate (SENACSA/SENAVE)
Documenti export
- Ausfuhranmeldung (Despacho de exportación, SOFIA)
- Handelsrechnung
- Packliste
- Transportdokument (B/L, CRT)
- Certificado de Origen Mercosur
- Phytosanitär-/Veterinärzertifikat (SENAVE/SENACSA)
Prove origine / ALS
Mercosur-Mitglied: Certificado de Origen Mercosur für Präferenzen. EU-Mercosur-Abkommen seit 1.5.2026 vorläufig angewendet; EFTA-Mercosur-Abkommen am 16.9.2025 unterzeichnet, Ratifizierung ausstehend.
Merci vietate
Genehmigungspflichtig u.a. Waffen, Munition, Sprengstoff, Arzneimittel, Chemikalien sowie Agrar- und Pflanzengüter (SENAVE-Phytosanitär, SENACSA-Veterinär). Gebrauchtfahrzeuge mit Altersgrenzen.
Controllo esportazioni
Kein autonomes Sanktionsregime; als UN-Mitglied Umsetzung der Sanktionen des UN-Sicherheitsrats. Es gelten die Mercosur-Aussenhandelsregeln; keine eigenständige Dual-Use-Exportkontrolle.
Senza garanzia — verificare sempre con spedizioniere e autorità.
Dogana / Import / Export (Americas) — Processo generale
Panoramica operativa per spedizioni internazionali verso le Americhe. A seconda della destinazione, dichiarazioni sicurezza, requisiti prodotto o processi broker possono applicarsi.
Documenti (tipici)
Processo (semplificato)
- Preparare export (documenti, codice HS, origine)
- Sdoganamento nel paese di destinazione (dichiarazione, possibili controlli)
- Rilascio e consegna; dazi/imposte secondo classificazione e valore
Errori frequenti
- Descrizione vaga o codici HS mancanti → ritardi e chiarimenti
- Incoterms poco chiari: chi sdogana/paga gli oneri?
- Dati origine incompleti → preferenza può non applicarsi
- Documenti incoerenti (fattura vs packing list vs spedizione)
Importante: i requisiti dipendono da merce, origine, Incoterms, valore e destinatario. In caso di dubbio, verificare con spedizioniere/agente doganale e fonti ufficiali.
Link ufficiali
Nota: fonti regionali/generali. I link delle autorità per paese verranno aggiunti progressivamente.
Commercio
Infrastruttura merci & rete di trasporto
Rilevanza del trasporto
Fluviale
altoStrada
altoAria
medioFerrovia
n/aMarittimo
n/aAeroporti cargo
- Silvio Pettirossi International Airport, Asunción (ASU)
- Guaraní International Airport, Ciudad del Este (AGT)
Porti marittimi / di accesso
- Kein eigener Seehafen (Binnenstaat); Seezugang über Buenos Aires/Rosario (AR) und Montevideo/Nueva Palmira (UY) via Hidrovía
Porti interni & terminal
- Villeta (wichtigster Container-Flusshafen)
- Puerto de Asunción
- Terport / Caacupemí (Asunción)
- San Antonio
- Pilar
- Ciudad del Este
Corridoi stradali & valichi di frontiera
- Ruta PY02/PY07 Asunción - Ciudad del Este - Foz do Iguaçu (Brasilien)
- Asunción - Clorinda/Puerto Falcón (Argentinien)
- Corredor Bioceánico durch den Chaco Richtung chilenische Pazifikhäfen
Principali rotte commerciali
- Hidrovía Paraguay-Paraná - Río de la Plata (Atlantik)
- Paraguay - Brasilien (Ciudad del Este)
- Paraguay - Argentinien
- Paraguay - EU/EFTA
Rischi & note operative
Rischio logisticomittel
Rischio ritardo doganalemittel
Rischio congestione portualemittel
Note di rischio
Binnenstaat: der Aussenhandel hängt stark von der Hidrovía ab. Niedrigwasser (bajante) des Paraguay-Flusses kann Abladetiefe und Konvois stark einschränken (zuletzt 2021 und 2024). Abhängigkeit von Häfen in Argentinien und Uruguay.
Rischi stagionali & meteo
Subtropisches Klima; Regenzeit Oktober bis April. Sommerliche Niedrigwasserphasen (bajante) des Paraguay-Flusses begrenzen periodisch die Schiffbarkeit der Hidrovía und damit die Frachtkapazität.
Note logistiche attuali
Stand 2026: EU-Mercosur-Abkommen seit 1.5.2026 vorläufig in Kraft; EFTA-Mercosur (inkl. Schweiz) am 16.9.2025 unterzeichnet, Ratifizierung läuft. Zoll- und Steuerverwaltung seit 2024 in der DNIT fusioniert.
Al: 2026-06-27
Note operative senza pretesa di completezza. Verificare con lo spedizioniere.
Aeroporti in questo paese
Aeropuerto Internacional Dr. Luis Maria Argaña
ESG · Mariscal Estigarribia
Aeropuerto Internacional Guaraní
AGT · Ciudad del Este
Aeropuerto Internacional Silvio Pettirossi
ASU · Asunción
Aeropuerto Internacional Tte. Amín Ayub González
ENO · Encarnación
Aeropuerto Nacional Doctor Juan Plate
VMI · Puerto Vallemi
Aeropuerto Nacional Dr. Augusto Roberto Fuster
PJC · Pedro Juan Caballero
Aeropuerto Nacional Juan de Ayolas
AYO · Ayolas
Aeropuerto Nacional Tte. Cnel. Carmelo Peralta
CIO · Concepción
Aeropuerto Nacional de Coronel Oviedo
Coronel Oviedo
Aeropuerto Nacional de Itaipú
Itaipú
Aeropuerto Nacional de Salto del Guaira
Salto del Guaira
Aeródromo Don Carlos Miguel Gimenez
PIL · Pilar
Ultime notizie
Altri contenuti su questo paese
Quando saranno disponibili contenuti, qui verranno mostrati automaticamente ulteriori informazioni e articoli.
Fonti & Affidabilità
hochVerificato: 2026-06-27
Fonti ufficiali
- dnit.gov.py
- ine.gov.py
- mef.gov.py
- mercosur.int
Fonti senza garanzia. Per decisioni legali/fiscali, consultare le autorità ufficiali.
FAQ
What is the import tax rate in Paraguay?
The IVA (VAT) standard rate is 10 percent. A reduced rate of 5 percent applies to basic foodstuffs and human medicines (Law 6380/2019). The tax is levied on import by the DNIT.
Which authority handles customs in Paraguay?
Since the 2024 merger the Dirección Nacional de Ingresos Tributarios (DNIT) is responsible; its Customs General Management replaced the former DNA. Declarations are filed electronically via the SOFIA system.
How does a landlocked country reach world trade?
Via the Paraguay-Parana waterway: around 80 percent of foreign trade moves by barge to the ports of the Rio de la Plata (Argentina, Uruguay). Paraguay has the world's third-largest river fleet.
Which free-trade agreements apply to Paraguay?
Paraguay is a founding Mercosur member applying the common external tariff. The EU-Mercosur agreement has been provisionally applied since 1 May 2026; the EFTA-Mercosur agreement (including Switzerland) was signed on 16 September 2025 and is not yet ratified.
Which proof of origin is needed for preferences?
For Mercosur preferences the Mercosur Certificate of Origin is used. For third markets the proof depends on the respective agreement. Until end-2038 Paraguay may use higher shares of non-originating inputs for many goods.
Which ports and airports matter for cargo?
The main river ports are Villeta, Asuncion, San Antonio and Pilar. Air freight runs through Silvio Pettirossi International Airport (ASU) in Asuncion and Guarani International Airport (AGT) near Ciudad del Este.
What seasonal risks affect logistics?
The main risk is low water (bajante) on the Paraguay River, which in dry years (e.g. 2021 and 2024) markedly reduces barge loading depth and thus the freight capacity of the waterway.
Quali partner commerciali sono importanti per Paraguay?
Quali termini logistici sono particolarmente rilevanti per Paraguay?
Per i trasporti internazionali, questi termini sono un buon punto di partenza:
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