Air cargo

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Last updated: 26 June 2026Published: 27 January 2026

Source: https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/

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Passar Hub: Everything on the new Swiss customs system

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Definition & Explanation

Air cargo is the commercial transport of goods by aircraft, carried out by airlines or air freight operators under a contract of carriage. It is the mode of choice when transit time is decisive: pharmaceuticals, electronics, perishables, and urgent spare parts – goods where premium freight rates are justified by fast delivery and reduced inventory holding costs. The Air Waybill (AWB) is the central document, functioning simultaneously as the contract of carriage, receipt, and customs declaration. IATA regulations govern commodity classification and dangerous goods handling, while national and international security and customs requirements apply throughout. A key distinction from sea or road freight is the chargeable weight principle: the billable weight is whichever is greater – actual gross weight or volumetric weight – making efficient packaging directly relevant to freight costs.

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