PK · PAK
Transitland CPEC / Textil-Exporteur
Capitale: Islamabad
Panoramica
Pakistan (PK) lies in South Asia on the Arabian Sea and acts as the CPEC transit country between western China, Central Asia and the Gulf, as well as a major exporter of textiles and rice. Imports are subject to 18 percent sales tax plus customs duty, additional customs duty and advance taxes; clearance runs electronically through WeBOC and the FBR's Pakistan Single Window. Almost all seaborne trade moves through Karachi Port, Port Qasim and Gwadar; air cargo runs via Karachi (KHI), Lahore (LHE) and Islamabad (ISB), complemented by dry ports such as Lahore, Faisalabad and Sialkot. Key corridors are the N-5 Karachi–Peshawar, motorways M-1/M-2, the Karakoram Highway (N-35) to China and the ML-1 main rail line (CPEC upgrade). Main exports are textiles, rice, leather goods and sporting goods; imports centre on petroleum products, machinery and chemicals, with the USA, China, the EU and the Gulf states as leading partners. EU market access runs via GSP+; there is no FTA with Switzerland/EFTA.
Paesi menzionati
Termini nel glossario
Autorità doganale
Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) - Pakistan CustomsSistema import
Elektronische Abwicklung über WeBOC (Web-Based One Customs) und das Pakistan Single Window (PSW) der FBR / Pakistan Customs; Einfuhr per elektronischer Goods Declaration.
Sistema export
Ausfuhr ebenfalls über WeBOC und Pakistan Single Window (PSW); elektronische Export-Goods-Declaration bei Pakistan Customs.
IVA all'import
CPFTA-Phase-II mit China (Certificate of Origin), SAFTA, FTA mit Malaysia und Sri Lanka; EU-Marktzugang über GSP+ (REX). Kein FTA mit der Schweiz/EFTA.
Verboten u.a. Alkohol, Schweinefleisch, Waffen, Drogen, anstössige Medien; Lizenzen/Verbote laut Import Policy Order. Halal-Vorgaben für Lebensmittel.
Strategische Exportkontrolle über SECDIV nach SECA-2004 mit National Control Lists (revidiert 2025). Pakistan seit Oktober 2022 von der FATF-Greylist; keine umfassenden Sanktionen.
Senza garanzia — verificare sempre con spedizioniere e autorità.
Panoramica operativa per spedizioni internazionali verso l'Asia. Requisiti prodotto, certificati e sdoganamento variano molto per destinazione.
Importante: i requisiti dipendono da merce, origine, Incoterms, valore e destinatario. In caso di dubbio, verificare con spedizioniere/agente doganale e fonti ufficiali.
Link ufficiali
Nota: fonti regionali/generali. I link delle autorità per paese verranno aggiunti progressivamente.
Sicherheitslage regional unterschiedlich (Belutschistan, KP). Bürokratie und Zollkontrollen können Lieferketten verzögern; Währungsvolatilität (PKR) und Importrestriktionen je nach Devisenlage.
Sommermonsun (Juli bis September) mit Überschwemmungsgefahr (schwere Fluten 2022); extreme Sommerhitze im Süden; Winternebel in der Indus-Ebene beeinträchtigt Strassen- und Flugverkehr.
Hormuz-Krise: Karachi und Port Qasim profitieren als Umleitungs- und Transshipment-Hubs — Karachi mit Achtjahreshoch bei Schiffsanläufen (über 2000 im FY 2025/26). Keine Kriegszuschläge auf Pakistan-Routen laut Regierung, Lagergeld-Erlasse 25-50 Prozent an Karachi-Terminals; auf Golf-Routen dagegen War-Risk-Zuschläge bis ca. 4000 USD/TEU. Finance Act 2026 (ab 1.7.2026): E-Invoicing-Pflicht und Faceless Customs ausgebaut, Sales Tax bleibt 18 Prozent. Kein neuer Transporteurstreik verifiziert. (Stand 2026-07-28)
Al: 2026-07-28
Note operative senza pretesa di completezza. Verificare con lo spedizioniere.
| Data | Festività | Tipo | Dogana chiusa | Trasporto interessato | Nota |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 feb 2026 | Giorno del Kashmir | Nazionale | |||
| 21 mar 2026 | Eid al-Fitr (1° giorno) | Nazionale | Multi-day closures; customs, port and banking operations slow down significantly. | ||
| 22 mar 2026 | Eid al-Fitr (2° giorno) | Nazionale | |||
| 23 mar 2026 | Giorno del Pakistan (anche Eid al-Fitr, 3° giorno) | Nazionale | |||
| 1 mag 2026 | Festa del lavoro | Nazionale | |||
| 27 mag 2026 | Eid al-Adha (1° giorno) | Nazionale | Multi-day closures (27-29 May, five days incl. weekend); customs and port handling slow down significantly. | ||
| 28 mag 2026 | Youm-e-Takbeer (anche Eid al-Adha, 2° giorno) | Nazionale | |||
| 29 mag 2026 | Eid al-Adha (3° giorno) | Nazionale | |||
| 25 giu 2026 | Ashura (9 Muharram) | Nazionale | Processions cause extensive road closures in cities; expect traffic disruption. | ||
| 26 giu 2026 | Ashura (10 Muharram) | Nazionale | |||
| 14 ago 2026 | Giorno dell'indipendenza | Nazionale | |||
| 25 ago 2026 | Eid Milad-un-Nabi (Compleanno del Profeta) | Nazionale | |||
| 9 nov 2026 | Giorno di Allama Iqbal | Nazionale | |||
| 25 dic 2026 | Giorno di Quaid-e-Azam / Natale | Nazionale |
Giorno del Kashmir
5 feb 2026
Eid al-Fitr (1° giorno)
21 mar 2026
Multi-day closures; customs, port and banking operations slow down significantly.
Eid al-Fitr (2° giorno)
22 mar 2026
Giorno del Pakistan (anche Eid al-Fitr, 3° giorno)
23 mar 2026
Festa del lavoro
1 mag 2026
Eid al-Adha (1° giorno)
27 mag 2026
Multi-day closures (27-29 May, five days incl. weekend); customs and port handling slow down significantly.
Youm-e-Takbeer (anche Eid al-Adha, 2° giorno)
28 mag 2026
Eid al-Adha (3° giorno)
29 mag 2026
Ashura (9 Muharram)
25 giu 2026
Processions cause extensive road closures in cities; expect traffic disruption.
Ashura (10 Muharram)
26 giu 2026
Giorno dell'indipendenza
14 ago 2026
Eid Milad-un-Nabi (Compleanno del Profeta)
25 ago 2026
Giorno di Allama Iqbal
9 nov 2026
Giorno di Quaid-e-Azam / Natale
25 dic 2026
Fonti: Cabinet Division Pakistan, Public Holidays 2026 · Cabinet Division Pakistan, Eid-ul-Azha Notification 20.05.2026 · Cabinet Division Pakistan, Public Holidays 2026 / Eid-ul-Azha Notification 20.05.2026 · Cabinet Division Pakistan, Public Holidays 2026 (mondabhängig) · Jährlicher Fixtermin; Cabinet-Notifikation 2027 ausstehend
Fonti ufficiali
Fonti senza garanzia. Per decisioni legali/fiscali, consultare le autorità ufficiali.
The standard sales tax (GST) rate is 18 percent and has applied to imports since February 2023. Customs duty, additional customs duty and advance taxes are added; some goods are reduced-rated or exempt.
Clearance is handled electronically through WeBOC (Web-Based One Customs) and the Pakistan Single Window (PSW) of the FBR / Pakistan Customs via an electronic goods declaration.
No, there is no free trade agreement with Switzerland or EFTA. However, EU imports from Pakistan benefit from the GSP+ preference scheme, and Pakistan has FTAs with China (CPFTA), Malaysia and Sri Lanka.
The key seaports are Karachi Port, Port Qasim and the CPEC port of Gwadar, handling almost all foreign trade. Air cargo runs mainly through Karachi (KHI), Lahore (LHE) and Islamabad (ISB).
Prohibited items include alcohol, pork, weapons, drugs and offensive media. Food is subject to halal requirements; further licensing and import restrictions follow from the Import Policy Order.
CPEC links Gwadar port via roads (Karakoram Highway) and the ML-1 railway to western China and drives the expansion of ports, roads, rail and energy. This positions Pakistan as a transit hub.
Pakistan operates strategic export controls through SECDIV under the SECA-2004 with national control lists (last revised 2025). Since October 2022 it is off the FATF grey list; there are no comprehensive international sanctions.
Per i trasporti internazionali, questi termini sono un buon punto di partenza: