What is Passar Hub and why is it important?

Passar Hub is the successor to the Swiss customs system e-dec Web. It is the new digital platform of the Swiss Federal Customs Administration for all customs processes in Switzerland. Migration from e-dec to Passar is phased (Passar 1.0–3.0) until 2026. Forwarders, customs agents and importers must register on the ePortal and adapt their processes.

What customs thresholds apply to parcels from China or USA to Germany?

For parcels/online orders from third countries (China, USA, UK): up to EUR 150 goods value: customs-free (but import VAT = 19% on goods value + shipping). From EUR 150: additional customs duties depending on commodity code (HS code). Travel threshold: EUR 300 (EU travelers), EUR 430 for air travelers. Gifts from private individuals: up to EUR 45 customs-free.

What is the EU customs reform 2026?

The EU customs reform 2026 includes several measures: 1) Abolition of EUR 150 customs threshold for online purchases (planned 2028), 2) Introduction of EU Customs Authority as new body, 3) Centralized EU Customs Data Hub, 4) Enhanced controls for e-commerce imports from third countries. Particularly affects platforms like Temu, Shein, AliExpress.

How does a customs declaration work in Germany?

In Germany, customs declarations are made electronically via the ATLAS system (Automated Tariff and Local Customs Processing System). For import customs declaration: commercial invoice, packing list, waybill (CMR/B/L), certificate of origin/EUR.1 if applicable. Customs valuation uses the CIF method (Cost, Insurance, Freight = goods value + insurance + freight to EU border).

What is an HS code and how do I find it?

The HS code (Harmonized System Code) is an internationally standardized goods classification code of 6 digits (in the EU with 8 digits as CN code, with 10 digits as TARIC code). It determines the duty rate, possible anti-dumping measures and import bans. Find it: via the EU TARIC browser (ec.europa.eu), the Swiss Tares system or with the help of a customs broker.

How do you clear a vehicle through Swiss customs?

Vehicle import Switzerland: 1) Import customs declaration (Form 13.20 A or via Passar), 2) Vehicle registration document from export country + COC document, 3) Customs duties (duty-free for private individuals who lived abroad for 12+ months), 4) VAT (7.7%), 5) Registration at the Road Traffic Office. Preferential duties apply for EU vehicles. CO₂ levy depending on emissions.

What is the difference between preferential and non-preferential goods origin?

Non-preferential origin determines which country a good comes from (for anti-dumping measures, statistics, origin markings). Preferential origin entitles to reduced or 0% duty rates under free trade agreements (e.g. EU-UK TCA, CETA, GSP). To use preferential duty rates, preferential origin must be proven by specific documents (EUR.1, REX statement, statement on invoice).

What is the REX system and who needs to register?

REX (Registered Exporter System) is the EU system for exporters who want to make out origin statements on invoices themselves when exporting EU-origin goods to countries with free trade agreements. REX is required for shipments over €6,000 (individual value). For shipments up to €6,000, any exporter can issue an origin statement on invoice without REX status. Registration: at national customs office, free, valid indefinitely.

What GSP changes apply from 2026?

The EU Generalised Scheme of Preferences (GSP) was renewed for 2024–2034. Key changes from 2026: sustainability requirements (human rights, labour standards, environment) have been more closely linked for the first time. Some countries have lost GSP status (too developed, e.g. China since 2015). Cumulation rules between GSP countries have been made more flexible. New special incentive arrangement (Enhanced Framework, GSP+) for particularly vulnerable developing countries.

EU Rules of Origin – Goods Origin & Preferences

All resources on customs

Our editorial team keeps this hub continuously up to date: Passar/Declar, EU customs reform 2026, HS codes, TARIC, CBAM, customs thresholds and country guides. Sub-pages lead to detail articles, CMS entries to editorially reviewed expert content.

Topic pages & country guides

Germany Customs – Import
Customs Duty-Free Limits Germany
Vehicle Import – Customs
DECLAR – Swiss Customs System
e-Dec Web vs. DECLAR
DECLAR Preparation Without Risk
Common Misconceptions About DECLAR