Porto Rico
PR · PRI
Al: 27/06/2026
Karibik-Hub / Pharma-Produktionsstandort
Capitale: San Juan
US-Zollgebiet (Teil der USA)MarittimoAriaStradaIVA import: Keine US-Bundes-MehrwertsteuerDogana: mittelRischio: mittelPharma: hoch (bedeutender US-Pharma-Produktionsstandort)Merci pericolose: mittelE-Commerce: mittel bis hoch
Panoramica
Puerto Rico (ISO code PR) lies in the Caribbean east of the Dominican Republic and is an unincorporated territory of the United States. The island has a high degree of self-government with an elected governor and legislature but is subject to US federal law. The climate is tropical and maritime, with high year-round temperatures, high humidity and a pronounced rainy season. The economy is dominated by services, especially tourism and finance, complemented by pharmaceutical, electronics and food manufacturing. Puerto Rico exports pharmaceuticals, chemicals and electronics while depending heavily on imports of food, energy and consumer goods. Its logistics importance stems from the seaports of San Juan, Ponce and Mayaguez and from international airports that serve as Caribbean trade and transport hubs. As part of the US customs territory, trade with the US mainland moves duty-free as domestic traffic. The currency is the US dollar (USD).
Paesi menzionati
Superficie9104 km²
Popolazione3.200.000
ValutaUS-Dollar (USD)
Area economicaUS-Zollgebiet (Teil der USA)
ContinenteNordamerika
ReligioniChristentum
Codice ISOPR / PRI
Dogana & Import/Export
Autorità doganale
U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP); lokale Einfuhrsteuer: Departamento de Hacienda de Puerto RicoSistema import
Teil des US-Zollgebiets: Auslandseinfuhren werden über US CBP / ACE nach US-Tarif (HTSUS) abgefertigt; zusätzlich lokale Einfuhr- und Use-Tax-Anmeldung über das Hacienda-Portal PICO/SURI.
Sistema export
Versand ins US-Festland gilt als Inlandsverkehr ohne Zoll. Ausfuhr ins Ausland: US-Ausfuhrabwicklung via AES/ACE (Schedule B); EEI-Meldung ab 2'500 USD je Warennummer.
IVA all'import
- Keine US-Bundes-Mehrwertsteuer
- lokale Sales-and-Use-Tax (IVU) 11,5 Prozent (10,5 Prozent Insel plus 1 Prozent Gemeinde) auch auf Einfuhren, erhoben über PICO/SURI.
Complessità doganalemittel
Documenti import
- Handelsrechnung
- Packliste
- Bill of Lading / Air Waybill
- CBP-Einfuhrerklärung (Entry)
- Hacienda-Einfuhranmeldung (PICO, SC 2970)
Documenti export
- Handelsrechnung
- Packliste
- Bill of Lading / Air Waybill
- Electronic Export Information (EEI/AES, Schedule B)
Prove origine / ALS
US-Handelsabkommen (z. B. USMCA) gelten. Der Warenverkehr Puerto Rico–US-Festland ist Inlandsverkehr und benötigt keinen Ursprungsnachweis.
Merci vietate
Es gelten die US-Bundesvorschriften (FDA, USDA/APHIS, ATF). Jones-Act-Kabotage: Seeverkehr zwischen US-Häfen nur mit US-geflaggten Schiffen.
Controllo esportazioni
US-Exportkontrolle (EAR/BIS) und OFAC-Sanktionen gelten vollumfänglich; elektronische AES-Meldung über ACE.
Senza garanzia — verificare sempre con spedizioniere e autorità.
Dogana / Import / Export (Americas) — Processo generale
Panoramica operativa per spedizioni internazionali verso le Americhe. A seconda della destinazione, dichiarazioni sicurezza, requisiti prodotto o processi broker possono applicarsi.
Documenti (tipici)
Processo (semplificato)
- Preparare export (documenti, codice HS, origine)
- Sdoganamento nel paese di destinazione (dichiarazione, possibili controlli)
- Rilascio e consegna; dazi/imposte secondo classificazione e valore
Errori frequenti
- Descrizione vaga o codici HS mancanti → ritardi e chiarimenti
- Incoterms poco chiari: chi sdogana/paga gli oneri?
- Dati origine incompleti → preferenza può non applicarsi
- Documenti incoerenti (fattura vs packing list vs spedizione)
Importante: i requisiti dipendono da merce, origine, Incoterms, valore e destinatario. In caso di dubbio, verificare con spedizioniere/agente doganale e fonti ufficiali.
Link ufficiali
Nota: fonti regionali/generali. I link delle autorità per paese verranno aggiunti progressivamente.
Commercio
Infrastruttura merci & rete di trasporto
Rilevanza del trasporto
Marittimo
altoAria
altoStrada
altoFerrovia
n/aFluviale
n/aAeroporti cargo
- San Juan Luis Muñoz Marín (SJU)
- Aguadilla Rafael Hernández (BQN)
- Ponce Mercedita (PSE)
Porti marittimi / di accesso
- San Juan (Puerto Nuevo)
- Ponce (Port of the Americas)
- Mayagüez
Corridoi stradali & valichi di frontiera
- PR-22 / José de Diego (San Juan–Aguadilla)
- PR-52 / Luis A. Ferré (San Juan–Ponce)
- PR-26 / Baldorioty de Castro (San Juan)
Principali rotte commerciali
- US-Festland–San Juan
- Jacksonville–San Juan
- San Juan–Karibik
Rischi & note operative
Rischio logisticomittel
Rischio ritardo doganalemittel
Rischio congestione portualemittel
Note di rischio
Hohe Importabhängigkeit; der Jones Act verteuert Seefracht ab US-Festland. Stromnetz nach Hurrikan Maria weiterhin fragil.
Rischi stagionali & meteo
Atlantische Hurrikansaison Juni bis November mit Risiko von Hafen- und Flughafensperrungen sowie Lieferunterbrüchen.
Note logistiche attuali
Netzbetreiber LUMA: wiederkehrende Stromausfälle belasten Kühlketten und Betrieb (Stand 2026). Hafen San Juan bleibt Haupttor der Insel.
Al: 2026-06-27
Note operative senza pretesa di completezza. Verificare con lo spedizioniere.
Aeroporti in questo paese
Luis Munoz Marin International Airport
SJU · San Juan
Antonio Nery Juarbe Pol Airport
ARE · Arecibo
Antonio Rivera Rodriguez Airport
VQS · Vieques
Benjamin Rivera Noriega Airport
CPX · Culebra
Eugenio Maria De Hostos Airport
MAZ · Mayaguez
Fernando Luis Ribas Dominicci Airport
SIG · San Juan
José Aponte de la Torre Airport
NRR · Ceiba
Mercedita Airport
PSE · Ponce
Rafael Hernández International Airport
BQN · Aguadilla
Adjuntas Airport
Adjuntas
Cullingford Field
Boqueron
Cuylers Airport
Vega Baja
Ultime notizie
Nessuna notizia per questo paese per ora.
Vedi tutte le notizie →Altri contenuti su questo paese
Quando saranno disponibili contenuti, qui verranno mostrati automaticamente ulteriori informazioni e articoli.
Fonti & Affidabilità
hochVerificato: 2026-06-27
Fonti ufficiali
- cbp.gov
- hacienda.pr.gov
- census.gov
Fonti senza garanzia. Per decisioni legali/fiscali, consultare le autorità ufficiali.
FAQ
Do shipments from the US mainland to Puerto Rico need customs clearance?
No. Puerto Rico is part of the US customs territory, so trade with the mainland is domestic and duty-free. However, the local use tax (IVU) may still apply.
What import tax applies in Puerto Rico?
There is no US federal VAT. Locally a Sales and Use Tax (IVU) of 11.5 percent applies (10.5 percent island plus 1 percent municipal), levied also on imports.
What is PICO and what is it for?
PICO (Portal Integrado del Comerciante) is the portal of the tax authority Hacienda. Importers must declare imported goods there and pay the use tax to obtain release of the merchandise.
What does the Jones Act mean for transport to Puerto Rico?
The Jones Act requires goods moved between US ports, including between the mainland and Puerto Rico, to travel on US-flagged, US-built and US-crewed vessels, which raises sea freight costs.
What are the main ports and airports?
The main seaport is San Juan (Puerto Nuevo), followed by Ponce and Mayaguez. The leading air cargo gateway is Luis Munoz Marin (SJU) with about 90 percent of air freight; Aguadilla (BQN) ranks second.
Do US export controls and sanctions apply in Puerto Rico?
Yes. As part of the US, US export controls (EAR/BIS) and OFAC sanctions apply in full. Exports abroad are filed electronically via AES/ACE.
What seasonal logistics risks exist?
The Atlantic hurricane season from June to November can cause port and airport closures and supply disruptions. Recurring power outages also strain cold chains.
Quali partner commerciali sono importanti per Porto Rico?
Quali termini logistici sono particolarmente rilevanti per Porto Rico?
Per i trasporti internazionali, questi termini sono un buon punto di partenza:
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