The USA has decided to impose additional tariffs of 50 percent on numerous goods from Canada. The measure takes effect on August 19, 2026 and affects imports valued at approximately 20 billion US dollars according to the US Trade Representative. The new tariffs are based on Section 338 of the US Tariff Act of 1930. This rarely used provision allows punitive tariffs of up to 50 percent when a country discriminates against US goods compared to products from other countries in Washington's view. The USA justifies the measure with Canadian actions on vehicles, alcohol, and dairy products. The official commodity lists include, among others, beer, wine, spirits, milk powder, dairy ingredients, cement, furniture, clothing, seeds, fishing rods, hockey equipment, and other consumer and industrial goods. Vehicles themselves are largely exempted from these new tariffs because other special US tariffs already apply to them. Also important: The 50 percent applies to the listed goods in addition to the standard tariff rate. Preferential treatment under the North American trade agreement USMCA does not protect affected tariff lines from this new surcharge. Energy, potash, fish, critical minerals, and goods under existing Section 232 tariffs are exempt. Canada criticizes the US measures as unilateral and sees violations of the North American trade agreement. However, no specific new countermeasures have been decided on initially. The coming weeks therefore remain a negotiation phase with significant risk for further escalation.