GlossaryEN1 min readUpdated: Jun 22, 2026
Origin of goods
The origin of goods is the country where a product was wholly obtained or produced, or where it last underwent a substantial, economically justified transformation.
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Source: https://www.wcoomd.org/en/topics/origin.aspx
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Definition & Explanation
The origin of goods is the country where a product was wholly obtained or produced, or where it last underwent a substantial, economically justified transformation. It is the cornerstone of customs tariff classification, trade defence instruments, and preferential duty schemes: depending on origin, different duty rates apply, or the importer may claim reduced preferential tariffs. A fundamental distinction separates non-preferential origin – relevant for trade statistics, anti-dumping measures, and import restrictions – from preferential origin, which unlocks concessions under a specific trade agreement. Origin is established either through the wholly-obtained criterion or the substantial transformation criterion, assessed via value-added thresholds, tariff shift rules, or processing lists. Incorrect origin declarations can trigger retrospective duty assessments, loss of preferential treatment, or penalties.
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