GlossaryEN1 min readUpdated: Jun 25, 2026
Marine Fuel Lifecycle Assessment (Well-to-Wake)
Unlike tank-to-wake analysis, which covers only combustion emissions produced onboard, Well-to-Wake lifecycle assessment traces the full greenhouse gas chain of a marine fuel—from extraction and refining through distribution to final combustion in the engine.
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Source: https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Environment/Pages/Lifecycle-GHG-Carbon-Intensity.aspx
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Definition & Explanation
Unlike tank-to-wake analysis, which covers only combustion emissions produced onboard, Well-to-Wake lifecycle assessment traces the full greenhouse gas chain of a marine fuel—from extraction and refining through distribution to final combustion in the engine. This matters most when comparing fuels: LNG may produce fewer exhaust emissions than heavy fuel oil yet carry significant upstream methane losses, making the Well-to-Wake balance less favourable than a tank-to-wake figure suggests. Shipowners, charterers, and fuel suppliers rely on Well-to-Wake data for procurement decisions, investor reporting, and regulatory compliance. The methodology underpins IMO decarbonization frameworks and is increasingly embedded in EU maritime legislation.
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