GlossaryEN1 min readUpdated: Jun 16, 2026
Biohazardous Material Freight Management
Transporting biohazardous materials safely demands specialist knowledge at every stage of the supply chain.
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Source: https://www.iata.org/en/programs/cargo/dgr/
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Definition & Explanation
Transporting biohazardous materials safely demands specialist knowledge at every stage of the supply chain. Biohazardous material freight management covers the compliant packaging, labelling, documentation, and carriage of substances such as patient specimens, microbial cultures, and vaccines that may pose an infection risk to people or the environment. The governing frameworks, depending on mode, are the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (air), the IMDG Code (sea), and ADR (road); all three classify biological substances into Category A, which carries the highest infection risk, and Category B, each with prescribed packaging specifications such as P650 or P620. Freight forwarders and handling staff must hold verifiable dangerous goods training—defective packaging or incomplete documentation typically results in shipment rejection or regulatory penalties. In pharmaceutical and diagnostic supply chains, maintaining an unbroken cold chain adds a further layer of complexity, as many specimens and vaccines have narrow temperature tolerances.
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