Isole Heard e McDonald
HM · HMD
Al: 23/06/2026
Unbewohntes Naturschutzgebiet / CCAMLR-Fischereizone
Capitale: nessuna
Australisches Aussengebiet (ausserhalb der GST-Zone)Seefracht (Forschungs- und Fischereischiffe)IVA import: Keine lokale GST: Das Aussengebiet liegt ausserhalb der australischen Indirect Tax Zone (Festland-GST 10 Prozent). Stand 2026.Dogana: Sonderfall (kein regulaerer Handel)Rischio: hoch (Naturgefahren, keine Infrastruktur)Pharma: keineMerci pericolose: geringE-Commerce: keine
Panoramica
Heard Island and McDonald Islands (ISO code: HM) are uninhabited subantarctic islands in the southern Indian Ocean, about 4,100 km southwest of Perth. They are an external territory of Australia, administered directly by the Australian Antarctic Division within the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Heard Island holds Australia's only active volcanoes, including Mawson Peak on the Big Ben massif (2,745 m), the highest point in Australian territory outside the Antarctic. The islands and surrounding waters form a strictly protected Commonwealth marine reserve under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and are a UNESCO World Heritage site (inscribed 1997). There is no permanent population, no port and no airport, and no commercial trade takes place on the islands. Economic relevance is limited to scientific research and to the commercial fishery for Patagonian toothfish and mackerel icefish in the Australian exclusive economic zone, managed by AFMA under CCAMLR. The currency is the Australian dollar (AUD); access requires an EPBC permit.
Paesi menzionati
Termini nel glossario
Superficie412 km²
0ValutaDollaro australiano (AUD)
Area economicaAustralisches Aussengebiet (ausserhalb der GST-Zone)
ContinenteAntarktis
Religionikeine
Codice ISOHM / HMD
Dogana & Import/Export
Autorità doganale
Keine lokale Zollbehoerde; Australian Border Force (ABF) fuer Australien zustaendig, Gebietsverwaltung durch die Australian Antarctic Division (DCCEEW)Sistema import
Kein lokaler Zollbetrieb. Unbewohntes Gebiet ohne Hafen- oder Flughafeninfrastruktur; Gueter gelangen nur per Schiff fuer Forschung und Versorgung. Australisches Aussengebiet ausserhalb der GST-Zone.
Sistema export
Keine kommerziellen Ausfuhren ab den Inseln. Fischfang erfolgt in der australischen AWZ und wird ueber australische Festlandhaefen (Fremantle, Hobart) ein- und ausgefuehrt, nicht ueber die Inseln.
IVA all'import
- Keine lokale GST: Das Aussengebiet liegt ausserhalb der australischen Indirect Tax Zone (Festland-GST 10 Prozent). Stand 2026.
Complessità doganaleSonderfall (kein regulaerer Handel)
Documenti import
- Zutrittsgenehmigung (EPBC Act Permit der Australian Antarctic Division)
- Schiffsmanifest fuer Versorgungsgueter
Documenti export
- Fischerei: CCAMLR Catch Documentation Scheme (Faengdokumentation Zahnfisch)
- AFMA-Fanglizenz
Prove origine / ALS
Nicht relevant: kein eigener Warenursprung und kein Handel vor Ort. Fuer australische Ware gelten die Freihandelsabkommen Australiens.
Merci vietate
Strenges Zutritts- und Entnahmeverbot: gesamtes Gebiet ist Commonwealth-Meeresreservat (EPBC Act 1999). Jede Aktivitaet ist permitpflichtig; Einschleppung fremder Arten und Biomaterial verboten.
Controllo esportazioni
Als australisches Gebiet gelten australische Sanktionen (Autonomous Sanctions Act 2011, DFAT) sowie die Ruestungs- und Dual-Use-Exportkontrollen (Defence Trade Controls Act 2012).
Senza garanzia — verificare sempre con spedizioniere e autorità.
Dogana / Import / Export (Rest) — Processo generale
Panoramica operativa per spedizioni internazionali. A seconda della destinazione (Oceania, Medio Oriente o altre), passaggi, pre-dichiarazioni e documenti variano.
Documenti (tipici)
Processo (semplificato)
- Preparare export (documenti, codice HS, origine)
- Sdoganamento nel paese di destinazione (dichiarazione, possibili controlli)
- Rilascio e consegna; dazi/imposte secondo classificazione e valore
Errori frequenti
- Descrizione vaga o codici HS mancanti → ritardi e chiarimenti
- Incoterms poco chiari: chi sdogana/paga gli oneri?
- Dati origine incompleti → preferenza può non applicarsi
- Documenti incoerenti (fattura vs packing list vs spedizione)
Importante: i requisiti dipendono da merce, origine, Incoterms, valore e destinatario. In caso di dubbio, verificare con spedizioniere/agente doganale e fonti ufficiali.
Link ufficiali
Nota: fonti regionali/generali. I link delle autorità per paese verranno aggiunti progressivamente.
Commercio
Principali partner di importazione
keine
Principali partner di esportazione
keine
Principali beni importati
Ausrüstung für wissenschaftliche Expeditionen
Principali beni esportati
keine
Infrastruttura merci & rete di trasporto
Porti marittimi / di accesso
- Keine Hafeninfrastruktur; nur Ankerplaetze (Atlas Cove, Spit Bay)
Principali rotte commerciali
- Hobart / Fremantle (AUS) - HIMI (Forschungs- und Versorgungsfahrten)
- HIMI-AWZ - australische Festlandhaefen (Fischerei)
Rischi & note operative
Rischio logisticohoch (Naturgefahren, keine Infrastruktur)
Rischio ritardo doganalenicht relevant
Rischio congestione portualenicht relevant (keine Haefen)
Note di rischio
Extreme Abgelegenheit (rund 4'100 km suedwestlich von Perth), keine Infrastruktur und keine Rettungsdienste vor Ort. Aktiver Vulkan Big Ben mit Mawson Peak. Zutritt nur mit Genehmigung.
Rischi stagionali & meteo
Subantarktisches Klima: ganzjaehrig Sturm, hoher Seegang, Treibeis und Gletscher. Anlandungen nur in kurzen Sommerfenstern (Dezember bis Maerz) und stark wetterabhaengig.
Note logistiche attuali
Kein regulaerer Verkehr. Zugang via Australian Antarctic Division per Schiff ab Hobart oder Fremantle; juengste HIMI-Kampagne 2025-26 (EPBC-Permit gueltig bis 2035).
Al: 2026-06-23
Note operative senza pretesa di completezza. Verificare con lo spedizioniere.
Aeroporti in questo paese
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Fonti & Affidabilità
hochVerificato: 2026-06-23
Fonti ufficiali
- antarctica.gov.au
- afma.gov.au
- dcceew.gov.au
- ato.gov.au
Fonti senza garanzia. Per decisioni legali/fiscali, consultare le autorità ufficiali.
FAQ
Can goods be imported to or exported from Heard and McDonald Islands?
No. The islands are uninhabited and have no port, airport or customs operation. No commercial trade takes place. Only research expeditions are supplied by ship, and only under permit.
Who administers the territory and how do you get there?
It is an Australian external territory administered directly by the Australian Antarctic Division (DCCEEW). Access is only by ship from Hobart or Fremantle and requires an EPBC permit.
Does Australian GST or customs duty apply?
The external territory lies outside Australia's indirect tax zone, so no local GST applies (mainland rate 10 percent). With no trade or customs operation on site there are no regular import charges. As of 2026.
Is there a fishery and how is it regulated?
Yes, in the Australian EEZ around the islands. The target species are Patagonian toothfish and mackerel icefish. The fishery is managed by AFMA under CCAMLR catch limits and is MSC-certified; catches are landed on the Australian mainland.
What risks exist for vessels in the region?
Very high natural hazards: subantarctic storms, heavy seas, drift ice and glaciers, plus the active Big Ben volcano. There is no infrastructure and no rescue services on site. Landings are only possible in short summer windows.
What protection and sanctions rules apply?
The entire area is a strictly protected Commonwealth marine reserve under the EPBC Act 1999 and a UNESCO World Heritage site; every activity requires a permit. As Australian territory, Australian sanctions (DFAT) and export controls also apply.
Quali partner commerciali sono importanti per Isole Heard e McDonald?
Questa pagina collega paesi partner importanti (import/export) per un contesto rapido.
Quali termini logistici sono particolarmente rilevanti per Isole Heard e McDonald?
Per i trasporti internazionali, questi termini sono un buon punto di partenza:
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