01What it covers
Unilateral tariff preference by the EU for developing countries — not a bilateral deal but a one-sided concession. Categories: GSP Standard, GSP+, EBA.
Free trade agreements like this reduce tariff barriers and set common standards for non-tariff topics (standards, public procurement, investment protection). For exporters this translates into lower duties, faster clearance and more predictable compliance — provided the rules of origin are met.
02Key benefits
- Duty reduction for standard GSP
- Zero duty under GSP+ and EBA (Everything But Arms)
- Creates export opportunities for emerging economies
03Proof of origin and practice
Form A (issued by authorities) or REX/statement of origin. Third countries must strictly comply with rules of origin.
Note that rules of origin are defined product-specifically in the agreement's annexes — there is rarely a single percentage threshold. For complex goods with third-country inputs, document an origin calculation.
04Who benefits most?
The agreement pays off primarily for companies with recurring exports or imports between the parties and for products whose "normal" duty is ≥ 3–5 %. For electronic products already enjoying 0 % MFN duties, the benefit lies more in regulatory coherence than tariff elimination.
Frequently asked questions
When does a product qualify for preference?
Whenever it meets the product-specific rules of origin (e.g. wholly obtained, or sufficiently worked/processed). For third-country components, a value rule ("max. 40 % non-originating value") or a chapter-change rule typically applies.