# Technical Specification for Interoperability (TSI)

*Last updated: 2026-06-26*

> Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) are EU regulations that set binding technical and safety requirements for specific railway subsystems, covering areas such as rolling stock design, train control, energy supply, and operations.

Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI) are EU regulations that set binding technical and safety requirements for specific railway subsystems, covering areas such as rolling stock design, train control, energy supply, and operations. They come into play whenever railway infrastructure is built or renewed, or when rolling stock is submitted for authorisation: both infrastructure managers and vehicle manufacturers must demonstrate TSI compliance. By standardising these parameters across member states, TSI provide the legal framework that allows trains from different manufacturers and networks to operate cross-border without individual bilateral agreements. They are distinct from National Technical Rules (NTR), which continue to apply where TSI leave gaps or grant explicit derogations.

**Source:** [https://www.era.europa.eu/domains/technical-specifications-interoperability_en](https://www.era.europa.eu/domains/technical-specifications-interoperability_en)

## Quick Facts

| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Term | Technical Specification for Interoperability (TSI) |
| Language | EN |
| Word count | 108 |
| Last updated | 2026-06-26 |
| Source | https://www.era.europa.eu/domains/technical-specifications-interoperability_en |

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