# Incoterms® Group C

*Last updated: 2026-06-24*

> Incoterms® Group C – comprising CPT (Carriage Paid To), CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To), CFR (Cost and Freight), and CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) – is defined by a single structural asymmetry: the seller contracts and pays for main carriage to the named destination, yet risk passes to the buyer the moment the goods are handed to the first carrier at origin.

Incoterms® Group C – comprising CPT (Carriage Paid To), CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To), CFR (Cost and Freight), and CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) – is defined by a single structural asymmetry: the seller contracts and pays for main carriage to the named destination, yet risk passes to the buyer the moment the goods are handed to the first carrier at origin. This divergence between cost boundary and risk boundary sets Group C apart from every other Incoterms group. CPT and CIP apply across all transport modes; CFR and CIF are reserved for sea and inland waterway. A distinction regularly missed in contract negotiations: under CIP, the seller must arrange insurance at a higher level of cover than under CIF. Buyers working with Group C terms should always verify that the agreed coverage genuinely matches their actual exposure.

**Source:** [https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/](https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/)

## Quick Facts

| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Term | Incoterms® Group C |
| Language | EN |
| Word count | 139 |
| Last updated | 2026-06-24 |
| Source | https://iccwbo.org/business-solutions/incoterms-rules/ |

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