# Ukraine (UA) **Capital:** Kyiv **Currency:** Ukrainische Hrywnja (UAH) (UAH) **Population:** 36'000'000 **Area:** 603'700 km² > Ukraine is a large Eastern European agricultural and industrial country whose logistics have been shaped by war since the Russian invasion of February 2022. About 90 percent of exports move through the Ukrainian Black Sea corridor via the ports of Odesa, Chornomorsk and Pivdennyi, complemented by the Danube ports of Izmail and Reni and the EU Solidarity Lanes by rail and road. Civil airspace is closed. Since 1 October 2022 Ukraine uses the Common Transit procedure (NCTS) with the EU; import VAT is 20 percent. It has a DCFTA with the EU (upgraded since 29 October 2025) and a free trade agreement with EFTA, and thus Switzerland, in force since 2012. Ukraine (UA) is an Eastern European agricultural, industrial and transit country whose logistics have been shaped by war since Russia's 2022 invasion. On the customs side it holds a DCFTA with the EU (upgraded since 29 October 2025) and a free trade agreement with EFTA (since 2012); clearance is electronic via the State Customs Service, and since 1 October 2022 Ukraine uses the EU Common Transit procedure (NCTS). Import VAT is 20 percent, with a reduced 7 percent rate on certain pharmaceutical and medical products. The main gateways are the Black Sea ports of Odesa, Chornomorsk and Pivdennyi plus the Danube ports of Izmail and Reni; civil airspace is closed, so air cargo routes via neighbouring EU countries. Overland, the EU Solidarity Lanes through Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania link the country to the EU; Ukrzaliznytsia's 1520 mm broad-gauge network requires a break of gauge at the western border. Main exports are grain, oilseeds and sunflower oil plus iron and steel; imports are dominated by machinery, vehicles and petroleum products. Key partners include Poland, Romania, Türkiye, China and Germany. **Top Import Partners:** CN, PL, DE, TR, IN **Top Export Partners:** PL, RO, TR, CN, DE **Top Import Goods:** Maschinen, Elektronik, Fahrzeuge, Mineralöle, Pharmazeutische Produkte **Top Export Goods:** Getreide, Eisen, Ölsaaten, Eisen, Chemikalien **Key Airports:** - [Boryspil International Airport (KBP)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/boryspil-international-airport-kbp) - [Lviv International Airport (LWO)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/lviv-international-airport-lwo) - [Berdyansk Airport (ERD)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/berdyansk-airport-erd) - [Bila Tserkva Air Base](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/bila-tserkva-air-base-airport-3572) - [Cherkasy International Airport (CKC)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/cherkasy-international-airport-ckc) - [Chernivtsi International Airport (CWC)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/chernivtsi-international-airport-cwc) - [Dnipro International Airport (DNK)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/dnipro-international-airport-dnk) - [Dzhankoy Air Base](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/dzhankoy-air-base-airport-9271) - [Gvardeyskoye (Hvardiiske) Air Base](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/gvardeyskoye-hvardiiske-air-base-airport-14151) - [Hostomel Airport](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/hostomel-airport-16574) **Key Seaports:** - [Illichivsk (UA ILK)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/illichivsk-port-ua-ilk) - [Odesa (UA ODS)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/odesa-port-ua-ods) - [Sevastopol (UA SVP)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/sevastopol-port-ua-svp) - [Berdyansk (UA ERD)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/berdyansk-port-ua-erd) - [Dnipro-Buzkyy](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/dnipro-buzkyy-port-2087) - [Feodosiya (UA FEO)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/feodosiya-port-ua-feo) - [Kerch (UA KEH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kerch-port-ua-keh) - [Kherson (UA KHE)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kherson-port-ua-khe) - [Mariupol (UA MPW)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/mariupol-port-ua-mpw) - [Mykolayiv (UA NLV)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/mykolayiv-port-ua-nlv) ## Customs & Import **Import VAT:** Einfuhr-Mehrwertsteuer (PDV) Normalsatz 20 Prozent **Customs complexity:** mittel bis hoch (kriegsbedingt) **Customs system:** Elektronische Abfertigung beim Staatlichen Zolldienst; seit 1.10.2022 gemeinsames Versandverfahren (NCTS/Common Transit) mit der EU und über 30 Ländern, mit einer Anmeldung und einer Sicherheit. **Customs authority:** [Staatlicher Zolldienst der Ukraine (Derzhavna mytna sluzhba Ukrainy)](https://customs.gov.ua) ## Logistics & Risk **Logistics role:** Osteuropäisches Agrar-, Industrie- und Transitland im Krieg; Getreide- und Stahlexporteur über Schwarzmeerkorridor, Donauhäfen und EU-Solidarity-Lanes. **Economic area:** DCFTA mit der EU / EFTA-Freihandelsabkommen / WTO; EU-Beitrittskandidat **Logistics risk:** sehr hoch (Krieg) **Dangerous goods relevance:** mittel **Pharma/cold chain:** mittel ## Sources & Last Verified - [https://customs.gov.ua](https://customs.gov.ua) - [https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/ukraine/corporate/other-taxes](https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/ukraine/corporate/other-taxes) - [https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/ukraine-import-tariffs](https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/ukraine-import-tariffs) - [https://taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu/news/customs-ukraine-join-common-transit-convention-and-convention-simplification-formalities-trade-goods-2022-09-05_en](https://taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu/news/customs-ukraine-join-common-transit-convention-and-convention-simplification-formalities-trade-goods-2022-09-05_en) - [https://policy.trade.ec.europa.eu/eu-trade-relationships-country-and-region/countries-and-regions/ukraine_en](https://policy.trade.ec.europa.eu/eu-trade-relationships-country-and-region/countries-and-regions/ukraine_en) - [https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/ukraine/upgraded-eu-ukraine-trade-agreement-enters-force_en](https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/ukraine/upgraded-eu-ukraine-trade-agreement-enters-force_en) - [https://www.efta.int/trade-relations/free-trade-network/ukraine](https://www.efta.int/trade-relations/free-trade-network/ukraine) - [https://transport.ec.europa.eu/news-events/news/solidarity-lanes-latest-figures-june-2025-2025-08-04_en](https://transport.ec.europa.eu/news-events/news/solidarity-lanes-latest-figures-june-2025-2025-08-04_en) *Last verified: 2026-07-22* --- *Freight Academy — Country Profile: [https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/ua](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/ua)* *Markdown mirror: [https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/ua](https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/ua)*