# Thailand (TH) **Capital:** Bangkok **Currency:** Thai Baht (THB) (THB) **Population:** 71'668'011 **Area:** 513'120 km² > Thailand is a leading manufacturing and logistics hub in Southeast Asia, anchored by the Laem Chabang deep-sea port (about 9.5 million TEU in 2024) and the Suvarnabhumi air cargo gateway. Imports carry 7 percent VAT and customs duties of 0 to 80 percent, cleared fully electronically via e-Customs and the National Single Window. A member of ASEAN/AFTA and RCEP; the EFTA agreement is signed but not yet in force. Thailand (TH) is the central manufacturing and transit hub of mainland Southeast Asia, bordering Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and Malaysia. The country belongs to ASEAN/AFTA and RCEP; the EFTA agreement is signed but not yet in force. Customs clearance runs fully electronically through e-Customs and the National Single Window, import VAT is 7 percent (temporarily reduced until 30 September 2026), and duties range from 0 to 80 percent depending on the HS code. Key gateways are the deep-sea port of Laem Chabang (about 9.5 million TEU in 2024, being expanded to 18 million TEU by 2029), Bangkok/Klong Toey and Map Ta Phut, plus the Suvarnabhumi (BKK) cargo airport; the Lat Krabang ICD consolidates hinterland container flows. Inland, Motorway 7 Bangkok–Laem Chabang, the East-West Economic Corridor and the R3A axis to China link the economic regions. Main exports are electronics, vehicles and rubber products to the US, China and Japan; machinery, electronics and mineral fuels are imported mainly from China and Japan. **Top Import Partners:** CN, JP, US, MY, KR **Top Export Partners:** US, CN, JP, VN **Top Import Goods:** Maschinen, Elektronische Geräte, Mineralöle, Chemie, Fahrzeuge **Top Export Goods:** Elektronik, Fahrzeuge, Maschinen, Kautschuk, Agrarprodukte **Key Airports:** - [Chiang Mai International Airport (CNX)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/chiang-mai-international-airport-cnx) - [Don Mueang International Airport (DMK)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/don-mueang-international-airport-dmk) - [Phuket International Airport (HKT)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/phuket-international-airport-hkt) - [Suvarnabhumi Airport (BKK)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/suvarnabhumi-airport-bkk) - [Betong International Airport (BTZ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/betong-international-airport-btz) - [Buri Ram Airport (BFV)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/buri-ram-airport-bfv) - [Cha Eian Airport](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/cha-eian-airport-vtsn) - [Chumphon Airport (CJM)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/chumphon-airport-cjm) - [Hat Yai International Airport (HDY)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/hat-yai-international-airport-hdy) - [Hua Hin Airport (HHQ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/hua-hin-airport-hhq) **Key Seaports:** - [Bangkok (TH BKK)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/bangkok-port-th-bkk) - [Laem Chabang (TH LCH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/laem-chabang-port-th-lch) - [Map Ta Phut (TH MAT)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/map-ta-phut-port-th-mat) - [Sattahip (TH SAT)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/sattahip-port-th-sat) - [Si Racha (TH SRI)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/si-racha-port-th-sri) - [Pattani (TH PTN)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/pattani-port-th-ptn) - [Phuket (TH PKT)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/phuket-port-th-pkt) - [Bang Saphan (TH BSP)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/bang-saphan-port-th-bsp) - [Benchamas Terminal (TH BEN)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/benchamas-terminal-port-th-ben) - [Bongkot Terminal](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/bongkot-terminal-port-15) ## Customs & Import **Import VAT:** Mehrwertsteuer (VAT) Normalsatz 7 Prozent (gesetzlich 10 Prozent, per Royal Decree befristet bis 30. September 2026 auf 7 Prozent gesenkt) **Customs complexity:** mittel **Customs system:** Vollelektronische Abfertigung über e-Customs und das Thailand National Single Window (NSW), angebunden an das ASEAN Single Window; Einfuhranmeldung mit Rechnung, Packliste und Frachtbrief. **Customs authority:** [Zollbehörde Thailands (The Customs Department)](https://www.customs.go.th) ## Logistics & Risk **Logistics role:** Produktions- und Transitdrehscheibe Südostasiens **Economic area:** ASEAN-Freihandelszone (AFTA) / RCEP / WTO **Logistics risk:** mittel **Dangerous goods relevance:** mittel bis hoch **Pharma/cold chain:** hoch ## FAQ ### Wie hoch ist die Einfuhrumsatzsteuer in Thailand? Der VAT-Normalsatz beträgt 7 Prozent (gesetzlich 10 Prozent, befristet gesenkt bis 30. September 2026) und wird auf den CIF-Wert plus Einfuhrzoll erhoben. ### Wie hoch sind die Einfuhrzölle? Je nach HS-Code zwischen 0 und 80 Prozent. Viele Industriegüter liegen niedriger, Konsumgüter wie Bekleidung und Schuhe deutlich höher. ### Gibt es noch eine Freigrenze für Kleinsendungen? Nein. Seit 1. Januar 2026 unterliegen alle Einfuhren ab 1 Baht Einfuhrzoll und 7 Prozent VAT; die frühere De-minimis-Befreiung ist entfallen. ### Wie läuft die Zollabwicklung ab? Vollelektronisch über das e-Customs-System und das Thailand National Single Window, das an das ASEAN Single Window angebunden ist. ### Welche Freihandelsabkommen nutzt Thailand? Thailand ist Teil von ASEAN/AFTA und RCEP und hat bilaterale Abkommen u.a. mit Australien, Neuseeland, Indien, Japan, Chile und Peru. ### Gibt es ein Abkommen mit der Schweiz bzw. EFTA? Das EFTA-Thailand-Freihandelsabkommen wurde am 23. Januar 2025 unterzeichnet, ist aber noch nicht in Kraft. Ein EU-Abkommen wird verhandelt. ### Welches ist der wichtigste Hafen? Laem Chabang bei Chonburi ist der grösste Tiefseehafen mit rund 9,5 Mio. TEU (2024); ein Ausbau auf 18 Mio. TEU bis 2029 läuft. ### Welche saisonalen Risiken gibt es? Die Regenzeit von Mai bis Oktober kann zu Überschwemmungen führen, besonders in Zentralthailand und Bangkok, mit Auswirkungen auf Transport und Lieferketten. ## Sources & Last Verified - [https://www.customs.go.th](https://www.customs.go.th) - [https://www.rd.go.th](https://www.rd.go.th) - [https://www.efta.int/trade-relations/free-trade-network/thailand](https://www.efta.int/trade-relations/free-trade-network/thailand) - [https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/thailand-customs-regulations](https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/thailand-customs-regulations) - [https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/thailand-trade-agreements](https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/thailand-trade-agreements) - [https://www.dhl.com/discover/en-th/logistics-advice/import-export-advice/import-duty-faq](https://www.dhl.com/discover/en-th/logistics-advice/import-export-advice/import-duty-faq) - [https://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/thailands-laem-chabang-deep-seaport-to-begin-phase-3-expansion/](https://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/thailands-laem-chabang-deep-seaport-to-begin-phase-3-expansion/) - [https://asw.asean.org/index.php/nsw/thailand/thailand-general-information](https://asw.asean.org/index.php/nsw/thailand/thailand-general-information) *Last verified: 2026-07-28* --- *Freight Academy — Country Profile: [https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/th](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/th)* *Markdown mirror: [https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/th](https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/th)*