# Peru (PE) **Capital:** Lima **Currency:** Peruvian Sol (PEN) (PEN) **Population:** 34'157'732 **Area:** 1'285'216 km² > Peru is a strongly export-oriented mining and agricultural country on South America's Pacific coast. Sea freight dominates via the main port of Callao and the new Cosco mega-port of Chancay, which speeds up links to Asia. The customs authority is SUNAT; clearance runs electronically via the DAM declaration and the single window VUCE. For Switzerland, the EFTA free trade agreement (in force since 2011) is central. Import tax is the 18 percent IGV; customs duties are 0, 6 or 11 percent. Peru (ISO code PE) lies on the west coast of South America, bordering Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia and Chile. It is a presidential republic with democratic institutions. The climate ranges from the arid coast and the cooler Andean highlands to the humid tropical Amazon. The economy is driven by mining, agriculture, fishing and a growing service sector, with copper, gold and silver as key exports. Logistically, Peru relies on the seaports of Callao, Chancay and Matarani and a limited Andean rail network. The country is strongly export-oriented but depends on imports of machinery, vehicles, fuel and consumer goods. Customs are handled by SUNAT through the electronic DAM declaration and the VUCE single window. The currency is the Sol (PEN). **Top Import Partners:** CN, US, BR, MX, CL **Top Export Partners:** CN, US, CA, CH, KR **Top Import Goods:** Erdölprodukte, Maschinen, Fahrzeuge, elektronische Geräte, Chemische Produkte **Top Export Goods:** Kupfererz, Gold, Zink, Agrarprodukte, Fischmehl **Key Airports:** - [Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (CUZ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/alejandro-velasco-astete-international-airport-cuz) - [Jorge Chávez International Airport (LIM)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/jorge-chavez-international-airport-lim) - [Air Force Captain Jose A Quinones Gonzales International Airport (CIX)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/air-force-captain-jose-a-quinones-gonzales-international-airport-cix) - [Air Force Colonel Alfredo Mendivil Duarte Airport (AYP)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/air-force-colonel-alfredo-mendivil-duarte-airport-ayp) - [Alferez Fap David Figueroa Fernandini Airport (HUU)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/alferez-fap-david-figueroa-fernandini-airport-huu) - [Caballococha Airport](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/caballococha-airport-5041) - [Cadete FAP Guillermo Del Castillo Paredes Airport (TPP)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/cadete-fap-guillermo-del-castillo-paredes-airport-tpp) - [Cap FAP David Abenzur Rengifo International Airport (PCL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/cap-fap-david-abenzur-rengifo-international-airport-pcl) - [Capitan FAP Carlos Martinez De Pinillos International Airport (TRU)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/capitan-fap-carlos-martinez-de-pinillos-international-airport-tru) - [Capitán FAP Guillermo Concha Iberico International Airport (PIU)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/capitan-fap-guillermo-concha-iberico-international-airport-piu) **Key Seaports:** - [Chancay (PE CHY)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/chancay-port-pe-chy) - [Paita (PEPAI)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/paita-port-pepai) - [Puerto Del Callao (PECLL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/puerto-del-callao-port-pecll) - [Bahia De Matarani (PEMRI)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/bahia-de-matarani-port-pemri) - [Talara (PETYL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/talara-port-petyl) - [Bahia De Ancon (PEANC)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/bahia-de-ancon-port-peanc) - [Bahia San Nicolas (PESNX)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/bahia-san-nicolas-port-pesnx) - [Caleta Lobitos (PELOB)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/caleta-lobitos-port-pelob) - [Conchan Oil Terminal (PECON)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/conchan-oil-terminal-port-pecon) - [Iquitos (PEIQT)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/iquitos-port-peiqt) ## Customs & Import **Import VAT:** Einfuhr-IGV 18 Prozent (16 Prozent IGV plus 2 Prozent IPM) auf Zollwert plus Zoll **Customs complexity:** mittel **Customs system:** Elektronische Zollabfertigung der SUNAT; Einfuhr per Declaración Aduanera de Mercancías (DAM) über das System und die Ventanilla Única de Comercio Exterior (VUCE); Zollagent ab FOB über 2'000 USD Pflicht. **Customs authority:** [SUNAT (Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y de Administración Tributaria)](https://www.sunat.gob.pe) ## Logistics & Risk **Logistics role:** Pazifik-Hub / Bergbau-Exportland **Economic area:** Pazifik-Allianz / CPTPP / ALADI **Logistics risk:** mittel **Dangerous goods relevance:** mittel bis hoch **Pharma/cold chain:** mittel ## Sources & Last Verified - [https://www.sunat.gob.pe](https://www.sunat.gob.pe) - [https://www.inei.gob.pe](https://www.inei.gob.pe) - [https://www.efta.int](https://www.efta.int) - [https://orientacion.sunat.gob.pe/3053-concepto-tasa-y-operaciones-gravadas-igv-empresas](https://orientacion.sunat.gob.pe/3053-concepto-tasa-y-operaciones-gravadas-igv-empresas) - [https://www.sunat.gob.pe/orientacionaduanera/mercanciasrestringidas/vuce.html](https://www.sunat.gob.pe/orientacionaduanera/mercanciasrestringidas/vuce.html) - [https://www.gob.pe/6985-conocer-el-arancel-de-aduanas](https://www.gob.pe/6985-conocer-el-arancel-de-aduanas) - [https://www.efta.int/trade-relations/free-trade-network/peru](https://www.efta.int/trade-relations/free-trade-network/peru) - [https://www.gob.pe/institucion/inei/noticias/1399446-inei-poblacion-del-peru-totalizo-34-millones-157-mil-732-habitantes-al-2025](https://www.gob.pe/institucion/inei/noticias/1399446-inei-poblacion-del-peru-totalizo-34-millones-157-mil-732-habitantes-al-2025) *Last verified: 2026-07-29* --- *Freight Academy — Country Profile: [https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/pe](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/pe)* *Markdown mirror: [https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/pe](https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/pe)*