# Israel (IL)

**Capital:** Jerusalem  
**Currency:** Israeli New Shekel (ILS) (ILS)  
**Population:** 10'178'000  
**Area:** 22'145 km²

Israel (ISO code: IL) lies in the Middle East on the eastern Mediterranean coast, bordering Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, the Palestinian territories and Egypt. It is a parliamentary democracy with strong institutions and a highly diversified, innovation-driven economy focused on high technology, industry, agriculture, services and defence. Foreign trade is significant: exports are dominated by technology, pharmaceuticals, diamonds and agricultural products, while the country depends on imports of energy, raw materials and consumer goods. Imports and exports are cleared electronically through the 'Shaar Olami' (Global Gateway) single-window system of the Israel Tax Authority, with import VAT at 18 percent. A dense network of free-trade agreements (USA, EU, EFTA including Switzerland, UK, Mercosur, UAE and others) supports preferential trade. The Mediterranean ports of Haifa (including the new Bayport operated by SIPG) and Ashdod, together with Ben Gurion International Airport (TLV), anchor the country's logistics, while the Red Sea port of Eilat has been largely idle since the Houthi shipping crisis.

**Top Import Partners:** CN, US, DE, CH, BE

**Top Export Partners:** US, CN, IN, NL, UK

**Top Import Goods:** Mineralöle, Fahrzeuge, Maschinen, Elektronische Geräte, Chemikalien

**Top Export Goods:** Diamanten, Elektronik High End, Pharma, Chemikalien, Sicherheitstechnologie

**Key Airports:**
- [Ben Gurion International Airport (TLV)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/ben-gurion-international-airport-tlv)
- [Ramon International Airport (ETM)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/ramon-international-airport-etm)
- [Bar Yehuda Airfield (MTZ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/bar-yehuda-airport-mtz)
- [Nevatim Air Base (VTM)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/nevatim-air-base-airport-vtm)
- [Ramat David Air Base](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/ramat-david-air-base-airport-llrd)
- [Ramon Air Base (MIP)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/ramon-air-base-airport-mip)
- [Rosh Pina Airport (RPN)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/rosh-pina-airport-rpn)
- [Tel Nof Air Base](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/tel-nof-air-base-airport-llek)
- [Uri Michaeli Haifa International Airport (HFA)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/haifa-international-airport-hfa)
- [Beersheba (Teyman) Airport (BEV)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/beersheba-teyman-airport-bev)

**Key Seaports:**
- [Haifa (IL HFA)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/haifa-port-il-hfa)
- [Ashdod (IL ASH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/ashdod-port-il-ash)
- [Elat (IL ETH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/elat-port-il-eth)
- [Ashqelon (IL AKL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/ashqelon-port-il-akl)
- [Hadera (IL HAD)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/hadera-port-il-had)

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*Freight Academy — Country Profile: [https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/il](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/il)*

*Markdown mirror: [https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/il](https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/il)*