# Greece (GR)

**Capital:** Athens  
**Currency:** Euro (EUR) (EUR)  
**Population:** 10'375'764  
**Area:** 131'957 km²

> As an EU and eurozone member, Greece is fully integrated into the EU customs union. Piraeus is one of Europe's largest container transshipment hubs and a gateway for Asia-Europe supply chains, while Thessaloniki serves the Balkan hinterland. Import VAT is 24 percent (reduced 13 and 6 percent). Customs are cleared electronically via the AADE ICISnet system.

Greece is a parliamentary republic in south-eastern Europe on the Balkan peninsula, with thousands of islands in the Aegean and Ionian Seas. As an EU and eurozone member it is fully integrated into the EU single market and customs union, using the euro (EUR). Its economy centres on services, tourism, shipping, agriculture and manufacturing. Strategically located between Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, Greece is a key Mediterranean logistics hub: the port of Piraeus is one of Europe's largest container gateways, while Thessaloniki connects the Balkan hinterland. A developed road and rail network supports its transit and supply-chain role.

**Top Import Partners:** DE, IT, CN, NL, RU

**Top Export Partners:** IT, DE, TR, CY, US

**Top Import Goods:** Erdöl, Maschinen, Fahrzeuge, Chemikalien, Pharmazeutika

**Top Export Goods:** Erdöl-Produkte, Lebensmittel, Chemikalien, Textilien, Metalle

**Key Airports:**
- [Athens Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport (ATH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/athens-eleftherios-venizelos-international-airport-ath)
- [Heraklion International Nikos Kazantzakis Airport (HER)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/heraklion-international-nikos-kazantzakis-airport-her)
- [Thessaloniki Macedonia International Airport (SKG)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/thessaloniki-macedonia-international-airport-skg)
- [Aktion National Airport (PVK)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/aktion-national-airport-pvk)
- [Alexandroupoli Democritus Airport (AXD)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/alexandroupoli-democritus-airport-axd)
- [Andravida Air Base (PYR)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/andravida-air-base-airport-pyr)
- [Chania International Airport (CHQ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/chania-international-airport-chq)
- [Chios Island National Airport (JKH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/chios-island-national-airport-jkh)
- [Corfu Ioannis Kapodistrias International Airport (CFU)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/corfu-ioannis-kapodistrias-international-airport-cfu)
- [Diagoras Airport (RHO)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/diagoras-airport-rho)

**Key Seaports:**
- [Piraievs (GR PIR)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/piraievs-port-gr-pir)
- [Alexandroupoli (GR AXD)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/alexandroupoli-port-gr-axd)
- [Iraklion (GR HER)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/iraklion-port-gr-her)
- [Kerkira (GR CFU)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kerkira-port-gr-cfu)
- [Ormos Aliveriou (GR LVR)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/ormos-aliveriou-port-gr-lvr)
- [Soudha (GR SDH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/soudha-port-gr-sdh)
- [Thessaloniki (GR SKG)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/thessaloniki-port-gr-skg)
- [Volos (GR VOL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/volos-port-gr-vol)
- [Astakos (GR AST)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/astakos-port-gr-ast)
- [Kalamata (GR KLX)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kalamata-port-gr-klx)

## Customs & Import

**Import VAT:** Einfuhr-VAT (FPA) 24 Prozent Standard  
**Customs complexity:** mittel  
**Customs system:** EU-Zollunion nach UZK; elektronische Einfuhranmeldung über ICISnet (AADE), TARIC-gestützt. Drittlandwaren werden zum freien Verkehr abgefertigt, mit ENS-Vorabanmeldung vor Ankunft.  
**Customs authority:** [Unabhängige Behörde für öffentliche Einnahmen (AADE)](https://www.aade.gr)

## Logistics & Risk

**Logistics role:** Maritimes Drehkreuz und Tor Südosteuropas  
**Economic area:** EU / Eurozone  
**Logistics risk:** niedrig bis mittel  
**Dangerous goods relevance:** mittel bis hoch  
**Pharma/cold chain:** mittel

## Sources & Last Verified

- [https://www.aade.gr/en/customs](https://www.aade.gr/en/customs)
- [https://www.aade.gr](https://www.aade.gr)
- [https://www.vatcalc.com/greece/greece-vat-guide/](https://www.vatcalc.com/greece/greece-vat-guide/)
- [https://www.vatupdate.com/2026/01/01/greece-cuts-vat-by-30-for-24-small-islands-starting-january-2026-excluding-tobacco-and-transport/](https://www.vatupdate.com/2026/01/01/greece-cuts-vat-by-30-for-24-small-islands-starting-january-2026-excluding-tobacco-and-transport/)
- [https://www.aade.gr/en/imports-imports-system](https://www.aade.gr/en/imports-imports-system)
- [https://www.aade.gr/en/ecs-exports-control-system](https://www.aade.gr/en/ecs-exports-control-system)
- [https://www.aade.gr/en/ics-ens-declaratives](https://www.aade.gr/en/ics-ens-declaratives)
- [https://www.statistics.gr/en/greece-in-figures](https://www.statistics.gr/en/greece-in-figures)

*Last verified: 2026-07-23*

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