# Finland (FI) **Capital:** Helsinki **Currency:** Euro (EUR) (EUR) **Population:** 5'653'000 **Area:** 338'424 km² > Finland is a highly developed EU and eurozone country in Northern Europe with a long Baltic Sea coastline. Foreign trade runs mainly through seaports such as HaminaKotka (the largest universal and container port), Helsinki and the oil port of Sköldvik, plus Helsinki-Vantaa Airport for air cargo. Customs are harmonised EU-wide and handled nationally in the UTU clearance system. Strengths include political stability, high-quality infrastructure and a reliable road and broad-gauge rail network; challenges include the Nordic winter season with sea ice and the land border with Russia, closed since late 2023. Finland (FI) is an EU and eurozone country in Northern Europe with a long Baltic Sea coastline, acting as the EU's northern gateway and a Baltic hub. As an EU member, Finland is part of the EU customs union; national clearance runs in Finnish Customs' (Tulli) UTU system, with transit via NCTS. Import VAT is 25.5 percent (reduced rates 13.5 and 10 percent). The main gateways are Helsinki-Vantaa Airport (HEL) for air cargo and the seaports of HaminaKotka (the largest universal and container port), Helsinki, Turku/Naantali and the oil port of Sköldvik/Porvoo. By road, the E18 (Turku–Helsinki–Vaalimaa), E75, E12 and E8 connect the country; rail runs on 1,524 mm broad gauge along the Helsinki–Tampere–Oulu axis with a link to Sweden via Tornio/Haparanda. The land border with Russia has been closed since late 2023. Key exports are paper and pulp, machinery and electronics; main trading partners are Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands and the US. **Top Import Partners:** DE, SE, RU, CN, NL **Top Export Partners:** DE, SE, US, NL, CN **Top Import Goods:** Erdöl, Maschinen, Fahrzeuge, Chemikalien, Elektronik **Top Export Goods:** Papier, Maschinen, Elektronik, Metalle, Fahrzeuge **Key Airports:** - [Helsinki Vantaa Airport (HEL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/helsinki-vantaa-airport-hel) - [Enontekio Airport (ENF)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/enontekio-airport-enf) - [Halli Airport (KEV)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/halli-airport-kev) - [Helsinki East-Redstone Aerodrome](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/helsinki-east-redstone-airport-13399) - [Ivalo Airport (IVL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/ivalo-airport-ivl) - [Joensuu Airport (JOE)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/joensuu-airport-joe) - [Jyväskylä Airport (JYV)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/jyvaeskylae-airport-jyv) - [Kajaani Airport (KAJ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/kajaani-airport-kaj) - [Kauhajoki Airfield (KHJ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/kauhajoki-airport-khj) - [Kauhava Airfield (KAU)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/kauhava-airport-kau) **Key Seaports:** - [Helsinki (FI HEL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/helsinki-port-fi-hel) - [Kokkola (FI KOK)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kokkola-port-fi-kok) - [Kotka (FI KTK)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kotka-port-fi-ktk) - [Oulu (FI OUL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/oulu-port-fi-oul) - [Pori (FI POR)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/pori-port-fi-por) - [Kaskinen (FI KAS)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kaskinen-port-fi-kas) - [Kristinestad (FI KRS)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kristinestad-port-fi-krs) - [Mantyluoto (FI MTY)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/mantyluoto-port-fi-mty) - [Pietarsaari (FI PRS)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/pietarsaari-port-fi-prs) - [Rauma (FI RAU)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/rauma-port-fi-rau) ## Customs & Import **Import VAT:** Einfuhr-MwSt Normalsatz 25,5 Prozent (seit 1.9.2024) **Customs complexity:** mittel **Customs system:** EU-Zollunion; nationale Abwicklung im Customs Clearance System UTU (löst AREX/ITU schrittweise ab), Versand über NCTS, EORI-Nummer erforderlich. **Customs authority:** [Finnischer Zoll (Tulli / Finnish Customs)](https://tulli.fi) ## Logistics & Risk **Logistics role:** EU-Nordland / Ostsee-Hub / Transitland **Economic area:** EU / Eurozone **Logistics risk:** niedrig **Dangerous goods relevance:** mittel bis hoch **Pharma/cold chain:** mittel ## Sources & Last Verified - [https://tulli.fi](https://tulli.fi) - [https://tulli.fi/en/businesses/export/how-to-make-an-export-declaration](https://tulli.fi/en/businesses/export/how-to-make-an-export-declaration) - [https://tulli.fi/en/latest-from-customs/phased-changes-to-customs-declarations](https://tulli.fi/en/latest-from-customs/phased-changes-to-customs-declarations) - [https://www.vero.fi/en/businesses-and-corporations/taxes-and-charges/vat/rates-of-vat/](https://www.vero.fi/en/businesses-and-corporations/taxes-and-charges/vat/rates-of-vat/) - [https://stat.fi/en/publication/cm0oxyupo6vld07utaid7yubt](https://stat.fi/en/publication/cm0oxyupo6vld07utaid7yubt) - [https://um.fi/international-sanctions](https://um.fi/international-sanctions) - [https://www.haminakotka.com/about-port/major-finnish-multipurpose-port](https://www.haminakotka.com/about-port/major-finnish-multipurpose-port) - [https://www.finavia.fi/en/airports/helsinki-airport](https://www.finavia.fi/en/airports/helsinki-airport) *Last verified: 2026-07-23* --- *Freight Academy — Country Profile: [https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/fi](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/fi)* *Markdown mirror: [https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/fi](https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/fi)*