# Denmark (DK) **Capital:** Copenhagen **Currency:** Danish Krone (DKK) (DKK) **Population:** 5,992,734 — Older stored figure; source year not documented. **Area:** 42,933 km² > Denmark is an EU member and part of the EU customs union, so trade with the EU is free of internal duties. As a bridge between continental Europe and Scandinavia, it is a key transit and logistics hub. Aarhus is the main container port, complemented by Fredericia, Esbjerg (offshore) and Copenhagen-Malmoe. Copenhagen-Kastrup (CPH) is Northern Europe's largest cargo airport with a strong pharma and cold-chain focus. Road (E45/E20) and rail corridors (ScanMed, Oeresund Bridge) are highly efficient; the Fehmarn Belt Tunnel will shorten links to Germany from around 2029. Import VAT: 25 percent. Denmark (DK) is an EU member on the Jutland Peninsula and the islands between the North and Baltic Seas, acting as a transit and logistics hub between continental Europe and Scandinavia with a pharma and offshore focus. As part of the EU customs union, trade with the EU moves without internal duties; third-country imports are cleared via DMS Import and exports via DMS Export (Toldstyrelsen, EORI required). Import VAT (moms) is 25 percent with no reduced rates. Key gateways are the container port of Aarhus (around 843,665 TEU in 2025), Fredericia, Esbjerg (offshore/RoRo) and Copenhagen-Malmoe, plus the cargo airports Copenhagen-Kastrup (CPH, around 307,000 t in 2025, pharma and cold-chain focus) and Billund (BLL). By land, the E45 (German border–Aalborg), the E20 with the Great Belt crossing and the Oresund Bridge, and the ScanMed rail corridor connect the country; the Fehmarn Belt Tunnel is due to shorten links to Germany from around 2029. Main exports are pharmaceuticals, machinery, food and wind power components; top partners are Germany, Sweden, the USA, the UK and Norway. The national currency is the Danish krone (DKK). **Top Import Partners:** DE, SE, NL, CN, PL **Top Export Partners:** DE, SE, US, GB, NO **Top Import Goods:** Machinery, Vehicles, Electronics, Chemicals, Crude oil **Top Export Goods:** Pharmaceuticals, Machinery, Food products, Furniture, Wind turbines **Key Airports:** - [Billund Airport (BLL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/billund-airport-bll) - [Copenhagen Kastrup Airport (CPH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/copenhagen-kastrup-airport-cph) - [Aalborg Airport (AAL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/aalborg-airport-aal) - [Aarhus Airport (AAR)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/aarhus-airport-aar) - [Bornholm Airport (RNN)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/bornholm-airport-rnn) - [Copenhagen Roskilde Airport (RKE)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/copenhagen-roskilde-airport-rke) - [Esbjerg Airport (EBJ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/esbjerg-airport-ebj) - [Kolding Vamdrup Airfield](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/kolding-vamdrup-airport-17020) - [Lolland Falster Maribo Airport (MRW)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/lolland-falster-maribo-airport-mrw) - [Midtjyllands Airport / Air Base Karup (KRP)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/midtjyllands-airport-air-base-karup-airport-krp) **Key Seaports:** - [Kobenhavn (DK CPH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/kobenhavn-port-dk-cph) - [Arhus (DK AAR)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/arhus-port-dk-aar) - [Studstrup (DK SSV)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/studstrup-port-dk-ssv) - [Aalborg (DKAAL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/alborg-port-dkaal) - [Abenra (DK AAB)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/abenra-port-dk-aab) - [Assens (DK ASN)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/assens-port-dk-asn) - [Augustenborg (DK AUB)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/augustenborg-port-dk-aub) - [Bandholm (DK BDX)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/bandholm-port-dk-bdx) - [Esbjerg (DK EBJ)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/esbjerg-port-dk-ebj) - [Faborg (DK FAA)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/seaports/faborg-port-dk-faa) ## Customs & Import **Import VAT:** Import VAT (moms) 25 percent, no reduced rates (only zero rate, e.g. newspapers). **Customs complexity:** low to medium **Customs system:** EU Customs Code (UCC). Imports are handled through the national system DMS Import (ERMIS); an EORI number is required. No customs declaration within the EU single market. **Customs authority:** [Toldstyrelsen (Danish Customs Agency, under the Skatteforvaltningen tax administration)](https://toldst.dk) ## Logistics & Risk **Logistics role:** EU member and transit and logistics hub for Northern Europe, with a focus on pharmaceuticals and offshore **Economic area:** EU / EU customs union **Logistics risk:** low **Dangerous goods relevance:** medium **Pharma/cold chain:** high ## FAQ ### Is customs duty charged on goods shipped from Switzerland to Denmark? Yes. Denmark is an EU member, Switzerland is not. Shipments from Switzerland require an EU import declaration (DMS Import); customs duty and 25 percent import VAT may apply. With a proof of origin (Switzerland-EU agreement), duty-free treatment is often possible. ### What is the VAT (moms) rate in Denmark? The standard rate is 25 percent. Denmark has no reduced rates, only a zero rate for certain services such as newspapers. ### What is Denmark's most important port for containers? The port of Aarhus is by far the largest container port and handled approx. 843'665 TEU in 2025. Other important ports are Fredericia, Esbjerg (offshore) and Copenhagen-Malmö. ### Which airport is relevant for air cargo? Copenhagen Kastrup (CPH) is the largest air cargo airport in Northern Europe and handled approx. 307'000 tonnes of cargo in 2025, with a strong focus on pharmaceuticals and cold chain. Billund (BLL) is another location. ### Which customs system does Denmark use for imports and exports? Denmark applies the EU Customs Code (UCC). Imports are processed through the national system DMS Import; exports have been mandatory via DMS Export since 2023. An EORI number is required. ### Which sanctions and export control rules apply? The EU dual-use and sanctions rules apply directly, including EU sanctions against Russia. National supervision is carried out by the Erhvervsstyrelsen, among others. ### What does the Fehmarnbelt Tunnel mean for logistics? The Fehmarnbelt Tunnel under construction between Rødby and Puttgarden is expected to open around 2029 and will significantly shorten road and rail travel between Denmark and Germany, for example the rail journey time Hamburg-Copenhagen. ## Sources & Last Verified - [https://toldst.dk/en-us](https://toldst.dk/en-us) - [https://toldst.dk](https://toldst.dk) - [https://skat.dk/en-us/businesses/vat/get-started-on-vat](https://skat.dk/en-us/businesses/vat/get-started-on-vat) - [https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/borgere/befolkning/befolkningstal](https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/borgere/befolkning/befolkningstal) - [https://netcompany.com/danish-customs-agency-dms/](https://netcompany.com/danish-customs-agency-dms/) - [https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/denmark-customs-regulations](https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/denmark-customs-regulations) - [https://www.worldcargonews.com/news/2026/02/port-of-aarhus-hits-record-container-volumes/](https://www.worldcargonews.com/news/2026/02/port-of-aarhus-hits-record-container-volumes/) - [https://www.cph.dk/en/cph-business/aviation/cargo2](https://www.cph.dk/en/cph-business/aviation/cargo2) *Last verified: 2026-07-19* --- *Freight Academy — Country Profile: [https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/dk](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/dk)* *Markdown mirror: [https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/dk](https://www.freight-academy.com/api/md/country/en/dk)*