# Bangladesh (BD)

**Capital:** Dhaka  
**Currency:** Bangladesh Taka (BDT) (BDT)  
**Population:** 173'000'000  
**Area:** 148'460 km²

> As the world's second-largest apparel exporter, Bangladesh is a key sourcing hub. The seaport of Chattogram (Chittagong) handles around 90 percent of foreign trade and almost all container traffic (over 3.4 million TEU in 2025); Mongla and Payra add capacity, and Matarbari is being built as the first deep-sea port. Air freight runs mainly through Dhaka (Hazrat Shahjalal). Key challenges are port congestion, slow customs clearance (ASYCUDA World), monsoon and cyclones, and the LDC graduation on 24 Nov 2026 with an EU EBA transition until 2029.

Bangladesh (BD) lies in South Asia on the Bay of Bengal and, as the world's second-largest apparel exporter, is a key sourcing region with Chattogram as its seaport gateway. Customs clearance runs electronically through ASYCUDA World under the National Board of Revenue; standard import VAT is 15 percent, plus duties on the CFR value. Until LDC graduation on 24 November 2026 the country benefits from EU EBA preferences (transition until November 2029). The main gateways are Chattogram (around 90 percent of foreign trade, over 3.4 million TEU in 2025), Mongla and Payra — with Matarbari under construction as the first deep-sea port — plus the airports of Dhaka (DAC) and Chattogram (CGP). Key corridors are the Dhaka–Chattogram road (N1), the Dhaka–Chattogram rail line and the inland waterways with the Pangaon terminal. Main exports are apparel, jute and leather goods; imports centre on machinery, textile raw materials and petroleum products, with the EU, USA, China and India as leading partners.

**Top Import Partners:** CN, IN, SG, JP, ID

**Top Export Partners:** US, DE, ES, GB, FR

**Top Import Goods:** Maschinen, Textrilrohstoffe, Erdölprodukte, Chemikalien, Metalle

**Top Export Goods:** Bekleidung + Textilien, Jute, Lederwaren, Fisch, Heimtextilien

**Key Airports:**
- [Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (DAC)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/hazrat-shahjalal-international-airport-dac)
- [Barisal Airport (BZL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/barisal-airport-bzl)
- [Cox's Bazar Airport (CXB)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/coxs-bazar-airport-cxb)
- [Ishurdi Airport (IRD)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/ishurdi-airport-ird)
- [Jessore Airport (JSR)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/jessore-airport-jsr)
- [Osmany International Airport (ZYL)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/osmany-international-airport-zyl)
- [Saidpur Airport (SPD)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/saidpur-airport-spd)
- [Shah Amanat International Airport (CGP)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/shah-amanat-international-airport-cgp)
- [Shah Mokhdum Airport (RJH)](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/shah-mokhdum-airport-rjh)
- [Bogra Airport](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/airports/bogra-airport-3914)

## Customs & Import

**Import VAT:** Standard-VAT 15 Prozent auf die meisten Einfuhren  
**Customs complexity:** hoch  
**Customs system:** Zollabwicklung elektronisch über ASYCUDA World. Einfuhranmeldung (Bill of Entry) durch Importeur oder C&F-Agent; Importeur braucht Import Registration Certificate (IRC) der CCI&E.  
**Customs authority:** [National Board of Revenue (NBR) / Bangladesh Customs](https://bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd)

## Logistics & Risk

**Logistics role:** Textil-/Bekleidungsexporteur, Seehafen-Gateway Südasien  
**Economic area:** SAARC / BIMSTEC (LDC bis 24.11.2026)  
**Logistics risk:** mittel bis hoch  
**Dangerous goods relevance:** mittel  
**Pharma/cold chain:** mittel

## FAQ

### Welches Zollsystem nutzt Bangladesch?

Die Zollabwicklung läuft elektronisch über ASYCUDA World unter der National Board of Revenue (NBR). Importeure benötigen ein Import Registration Certificate (IRC), Exporteure ein Export Registration Certificate (ERC).

### Wie hoch ist die Einfuhrsteuer (VAT) in Bangladesch?

Der Standard-VAT-Satz beträgt 15 Prozent auf die meisten Einfuhren. Zusätzlich fällt Zoll auf den CFR-Wert zuzüglich 1 Prozent Versicherung und 1 Prozent Landungsgebühr an.

### Über welche Häfen läuft der Aussenhandel?

Der Hafen Chattogram (Chittagong) wickelt rund 90 Prozent des Aussenhandels und fast den gesamten Containerverkehr ab. Mongla (Massengut) und Payra ergänzen; Matarbari entsteht als erster Tiefseehafen.

### Welche Dokumente braucht es für Importe?

Erforderlich sind u.a. Handelsrechnung, Packliste, Konnossement bzw. Luftfrachtbrief, ein Akkreditiv (L/C), die Bill of Entry und das IRC. Für bestimmte Güter ist eine Pre-Shipment-Inspection (PSI) nötig.

### Was bedeutet die LDC-Graduierung 2026 für den Handel?

Bangladesch verliert am 24.11.2026 den LDC-Status. Der zollfreie EU-Marktzugang (Everything But Arms) gilt dank Übergangsfrist noch bis November 2029; danach sind GSP+ oder Freihandelsabkommen nötig.

### Welche Risiken bestehen in der Lieferkette?

Hauptrisiken sind Hafenstaus und Streiks in Chattogram, langwierige Zollabfertigung, Monsun-Überschwemmungen und Zyklone aus dem Golf von Bengalen sowie die politische Übergangsphase nach der Wahl im Februar 2026.

### Welcher Flughafen ist für Luftfracht massgeblich?

Der Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport in Dhaka (DAC) ist der wichtigste Luftfracht-Hub; ein neuer dritter Terminal erhöht die Kapazität deutlich. Ergänzend dient Chattogram (CGP).

## Sources & Last Verified

- [https://bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd](https://bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd)
- [https://bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd/](https://bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd/)
- [https://bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd/trade_info/customs_clearance](https://bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd/trade_info/customs_clearance)
- [https://nbr.gov.bd/faq/vat-faq/en](https://nbr.gov.bd/faq/vat-faq/en)
- [https://nbr.gov.bd/publications/customs/eng](https://nbr.gov.bd/publications/customs/eng)
- [https://hub.bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd/](https://hub.bangladeshcustoms.gov.bd/)
- [https://www.bb.org.bd/aboutus/regulationguideline/foreignexchange/feguidevol1/7_a.pdf](https://www.bb.org.bd/aboutus/regulationguideline/foreignexchange/feguidevol1/7_a.pdf)
- [https://www.hsia.gov.bd/content-details/5/Terminals](https://www.hsia.gov.bd/content-details/5/Terminals)

*Last verified: 2026-07-28*

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*Freight Academy — Country Profile: [https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/bd](https://www.freight-academy.com/en/information/land/bd)*

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